Abstract Introduction: in the last few years important changes have occurred in nutritional patterns. There has been an increase in the consumption of simple carbohydrates such as fructose, which has been associated with numerous metabolic disorders, including hepatic steatosis. Materials and methods: we sought to evaluate the impact of fructose consumption, as diluted in water at different concentrations, for two time periods, on the metabolic parameters of Wistar rats using ANOVA. Results: our data indicate that both time and fructose concentration promote variations in animal body mass, and in food, water, and caloric intake. The time variable influenced the modulation of biochemical parameters such as serum concentrations of glucose and total cholesterol. Both fructose concentration and time of exposure influenced the concentrations of serum triglycerides, creatinine, AST, TNF, and IL-6. When evaluating redox status and oxidative damage markers, we observed that fructose concentration and exposure time had an effect on total glutathione levels, which decreased with an increase in concentration and time. For superoxide dismutase, we evaluated the effects of time and interaction. A significant interaction was observed for TBARS. For carbonylated proteins, exposure time was a fundamental factor in generating an effect. Conclusions: we demonstrated that fructose modulates the parameters of triglycerides and total liver cholesterol, and that time influences the number of hepatocytes. Our data suggest that fructose concentration, exposure time, and an interaction between these two parameters have a significant effect on the metabolic parameters responsible for the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Although Quercetin absorbs in the UVA/UVB electromagnetic region, it is limited for applications as a UV filter due to its low lipophilicity and capacity to penetrate the epidermis. In order to overcome this limitation, we synthetized and evaluated the photo protective properties of a derivative obtained from Quercetin. The derivative was prepared by alkylation of Quercetin with iodoethane and characterized by IR and NMR spectroscopy. The in vitro Solar Protection Factor was determined by the Mansur method and the cytotoxicity was evaluated using hepatocellular cell (Hep G2) cells. Finally, Quercetin and the corresponding derivative were incorporated in nanoemulsions. Nanoemulsions with particles sizes between 53 and 73 nm were obtained, and polydispersity indexes were around 0.1, indicating good homogeneity of the nanoemulsion particles. The cell viability study for the Quercetin derivative indicated a very low cytotoxicity profile. The chemical modification of Quercetin resulted in a promising compound with improved properties desirable for skin penetration and incorporation into sunscreen formulations.

OBJETIVO: avaliar anormalidades bioquímicas que possam estar relacionadas à fibromialgia, mais especificamente o metabolismo oxidante de granulócitos de pacientes com fibromialgia primária (FMP). MÉTODOS: foram selecionados 10 pacientes (9 mulheres e 1 homem) portadores de FMP, com idade entre 20 e 40 anos, de acordo com os critérios do Colégio Americano de Reumatologia, que não apresentavam qualquer outra doença de curso agudo ou crônico e estavam sem utilizar medicamentos no mínimo durante duas semanas. Controles normais (n = 19) pareados por sexo e idade foram selecionados. Os granulócitos de pacientes e controles foram separados do sangue periférico e utilizados como célula de trabalho. A produção de espécies reativas de oxigênio (ERO) foi determinada por meio de ensaio de quimioluminescência dependente de luminol. RESULTADOS: demonstramos, pela primeira vez, uma produção significantemente elevada de ERO (3,2 vezes maior) em granulócitos de sangue periférico de pacientes com FMP (p < 0,05). CONCLUSÕES: estes resultados demonstraram um comportamento anormal dos granulócitos de pacientes com FMP, em que uma produção aumentada de espécies reativas do oxigênio foi observada. Estudos futuros serão necessários para melhor esclarecer estes resultados, delineando uma nova perspectiva na compreensão e abordagem destes pacientes.

OBJECTIVE: Our aim in this paper was to evaluate the biochemical abnormalities that may be correlated with fibromyalgia, such as the ROS production by granulocytes from patients with fibromyalgia in comparison to cells from healthy subjects. METHODS: Ten patients (9 women and 1 man, age ranging from 20 to 40 years old) with primary fibromyalgia, according to the American College of Rheumatology criteria, were selected. None of them were using medications 2 weeks before starting the study. Patients with rheumatic and non-rheumatic associated disease were excluded. Sex and age-matched healthy controls (n = 19) were simultaneously selected. The granulocytes from patients and controls were collected from peripheral blood. The quantification of reactive oxygen species was performed in a luminol-dependent chemiluminescence assay. RESULTS: We have demonstrated, for the first time, the increase of ROS production (3.2 times) in peripheral blood granulocytes from patients with fibromyalgia in comparison to the same cells from healthy subjects. CONCLUSIONS: The present result may indicate a possible role of free radicals in fibromyalgia subjects, once they have already been shown in other human diseases, including painful states. We suggest that further studies are needed to understand the importance of these findings, delineating a new perspective in understanding and approach of fibromyalgia patients.